Causes and Effects of Climate Change Essay

Causes and Effects of Climate Change Essay The earth climates nowadays is changing very rapidly and differently. Besides that, the climate changes in our earth are affecting our lives psychologically, physically and emotionally. What is climate change? Climate change is the seasonal changes for a long period of time in the world. These climate patterns play an important role in shaping natural ecosystems, and the human economies and cultures that depend on them. For example, the changes in climate can affect how people, plants and animal live, such as food production and health risks. As the earths climate is dynamic and always changing through a natural cycle, the world is now worried about the changes that occurring today have been speeding up and seriously affecting humans lives. All across the world, people are taking action to prevent climate change. For example, in 2007, scientists from the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicted that warming oceans and melting glaciers due to global warming and climate c hange could cause sea levels to rise 7-23 inches by the year 2100. So, some islands and some small countries will be flooded by the sea water and even disappeared very soon. Because of this, we must take action as soon as possible to try to solve this problem or to prevent the more serious of climate changes occur. Im interested in this topic because the climate changes in our country or this world are too serious and its interesting to discuss and try to fix the problem. However, what are the causes and effects of climate changes that affecting our lives and environment? There are two main causes of climate changes natural causes and human activities. Natural causes have influenced the earths climates such as volcanic eruptions, ocean current, the earths orbital changes and solar variations. The eruptions of volcanoes cause a cooling effect on the earth. When a volcano erupts it throws out large volumes of sulphur dioxide (SO2), water vapour, dust, and ash into the atmosphere. The volcano eruptions will affect the climatic pattern for years although the eruptions occur in a few days. The sulphur dioxide gas will reach the upper level of the atmosphere. The tiny particles, dusts and ashes will block the incoming sun rays and this will leads to cooling at the atmosphere. This is because the bouncing of sunlight to the space is cooling the atmosphere of the earth. Furthermore, ocean current is one of the natural cause that affecting climate changes. The ocean is the major component of the climate system. The oceans cover about 71% of the earth and absorb about twice as much of the suns radiation as the atmosphere or the land surface. Winds push horizontally against the sea surface and drive ocean current patterns. Besides that, the oceans also play an important role of the concentration of carbon dioxide. The changes in ocean circulation will affect the climate through the movement of carbon dioxide into or out of the atmosphere. Moreover, another cause that affects climate changes is the earths orbital changes. The earth makes one full orbit around the sun every year. If there is no tilt we will not experience seasons. Changes in the tilt of the earth can affect the severity of the seasons. For example, if there is more tilt means we will experience warmer summers and colder winters and if there is less tilt means we will experience cooler su mmers and milder winters. Another main cause that leads to climate changes is human activities. From the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution saw the large-scale use of fossil fuels for industrial activities. Therefore, they created many jobs for the people. And many people moved from rural areas to cities. Many vegetation areas were cleared to become houses or factories for industries. Natural resources are being used extensively for construction, industries, transport, and consumption. All this has contributed to the rises of greenhouse gases such as methane and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. Human is generating industries factories and houses, and running the vehicles that used many fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gases. These uses of fossil fuel will leads to climate changes. Global climate change is caused by the fertiliser that used for agricultures. The result of microbial action in the soil, these chemical will release nitrous oxide. Besides that, the emission of methane and carbon dio xide will also affect climate changes. In addition, the increasing of agriculture is also caused by the increasing of human population in the world. All the causes are giving a great impact for climate changes in our earth. What are the consequences of these causes for the climate changes to our world? We can see that there are three main effects on climate changes in our environment. Firstly, climate change in the world will affects human health. There are so many past researches showed that climate change will leads to human health and producing diseases. For example, in the research paper by Healey et al., 2010 that I have read said that the climate change is affecting the health of northern people such as Nunavut, Canada. Besides that, Cecchi et al. (2010) have conducted the research on the effects of climate change on allergic asthma. Moreover, Mickley, 2007 stated that high levels of surface ozone and particles have been implicated in many diseases involving the cardiac and respiratory systems. These researches showed that the climate changes are seriously affecting the humans health. Secondly, climate changes will also affect the biodiversity. Biodiversity is very important for the plants and animals to maintain their habitat and ecosystem. The climate changes have impacted the loss of biodiversity. For example, the water sources may change, the food chain may destroy and the medicine sources may change. In addition, the marine ecosystem will be affected not only by an increase in sea temperature but also ocean acidification, which increases the vulnerability of fragile ecosystems such as coral reefs. Furthermore, climate changes also will affect humans mind and behaviour psychologically. Climate changes will affect humans behaviour such as consumption, energy use and population growth. Besides that, climate changes also impact psychosocial and mental health including stress, guilty, anxiety to adapt and cope with the new changing weathers. The climate changes will cause the increase of social disorder such as post traumatic disorder, suicide, stress, abuse, violence and anxiety. Therefore, climate changes will be giving a great impact on the humans psychological lives. Discussion As we can see how the causes and effects of climate changes that occur in our world and this topic was concerned by the worldwide. So, what are the solutions and method that we can prevent climate changes or solve the problems that we are having now? Actually there are some solutions that our government, community and society can do. Firstly, the government can help the communities and businesses to reduce deforestation, plant new trees in the forest and empty land, earn sustainable livelihoods and adapt to changing climatic conditions. Next, teachers in lecturers in schools and colleges must give the knowledge of how to protect our earth from the very young age of the children and students. One of the reasons that caused the climate changes is the emission of carbon dioxide from the vehicles. Therefore, we can reduce the uses of vehicles and car-pooling in our daily lives. Besides that, at home, we can switch our light bulbs to energy efficient bulbs and turn off the light when we a re not using it or after using it. Conclusion As a conclusion, we can see there are many effects of climate changes that seriously affecting our environment, health and biodiversities. If we still have not take any actions to prevent the climate changes, our mother earth will be become sick more seriously. Furthermore, when the deforestation continuing occurs, there will be having many different consequences to our environment. Climate changes will also leads to psychological problem such as post traumatic disorder, stress, anxiety and violence among the communities. So, to protect our environment and give our next generation to have a better place to stay, we must always know how to prevent the climate changes such as stop cutting off the trees, save energy, car-pooling, etc. Therefore, let us together to protect and love our beautiful mother earth that given by God and try to keep her healthy as long as we can.

Japan and Korea Essay -- History Historical Korea Japan Essays

Japan and Korea Did Japan modernize or exploit Korea? Scholars have debated this question with vigor throughout this century. I do not believe the answer is so black and white. While looking at the history of the colonization, evidence of both should appear. The word colonization alone generally means to move into another people’s land and exploit resources. However, positive results can appear during a negative situation. Regardless of what point of view an individual takes, there is no doubt that Japan has dramatically influenced Korea. This is common with most nations in the industrialization period or the modernization period. Think about it, every treaty endorsed between nations leads to policy change. The lessons learned from previous agreements, aid in creating new policies. Korea, suggested by Cummings, was a buffer zone between China and Japan. China acted as the big brother or role model for Korea. Culture, language values and society itself developed by free choices made by the Korean government. However, China was always ready to step in if Korea seemed to get to powerful or weak. Cummings makes this relationship sound as if everything was all right as long as Korea depended on the aid of China and respected China’s dominance of the region. Japan although at times respected China’s power believed that if Korea would consider themselves equal to China Japan could take the role of the regional superpower. Japan also, at times thought they were superior to both China and Japan and should incorporate them both into the Japanese empire and at times had been fairly successful in dong so. Many factors allowed the Japanese colonization of Korea. For one, Korea had adopted an isolationist philosophy early in its history. Cummings has said many times that when you landed in Korea the first question asked was â€Å"when are you leaving?† In addition, Korean tradition did not place a high value on trade. Cummings went on to say that Korea was the only place that when a profit was made, it was not a joyous occasion. Do not be misled by that statement that would leave one to think that Korean people were inferior and should be exploited, for I do not believe that at all. The Confucianism heritage did not believe in profit. However, equitability was not forbiddened. Such led to the tributary and cultural exchanges between Korea and China. These beliefs... ...er Japanese control, as well as to keep Korea profitable for Japan. Did Japan modernize Korea? No. Did the Japanese aid in the beginning of Korea’s industrialization period? Yes, the infrastructure and technology forced upon Korea definitely gave the Korean people a foundation to industrialization. The problem I have in saying that Japan modernized Korea is that modernization in general has a positive connotation. I do not want to become a victim to the cliches of one race blaming another for certain hardships. However, I propose this question, Did the Japanese occupation lead to positive modernization of Korea or the divisiveness that has haunted Korea for almost fifty years? I will not say that if Japan did not invade Korea that Korea would be unified today, or am I willing to say that another country would not have tried to colonize Korea. I do believe that Korea when their society was ready would have mobilized themselves to become an industrialized nation. I also believe that when they would have come to that point that they would have enjoyed the same type of success in growth rate that was present from the late 1960’s. The only difference is when would Korea start.

Boston Beer Company Essay

This report examines the US Beer industry as well as the industry structure, capacity and marketing trends as they relate to the current and future positioning of the Boston Beer Company, or as most people know it around here, Samuel Adams. The US beer industry has had several years of slowing gains and downfalls. Three brewers dominate the industry that I emphasized in my industry analysis, which are: Anheuser-Busch, Miller Brewing and Adolph Coors. These market leaders have expanded their respective beer industry market at the expense of other brewers, including Boston Beer Company. Boston Beer Company is just a mere 1 percent of the beer brewing industry. The US beer industry is highly competitive with brewers leaving the industry and a few new large brewers enter. China is the undisputed leader in global beer industry, accounting for 17. 1 percent of the world’s beer production in 2005. Purchasing power in Chinese economy is on the rise, which will drive beer sales and improve overall profitability for them. Domestic brewers have been buying small breweries in individual Chinese provinces to service particular communities. First to better understand A little more about Boston Beer Company I’ll look deep into their background of Boston Beer Company. Just like in our Strategic Leadership class to find out what somebody’s values are, you have to know what their back-story is. Samuel Adams has an amazing story line behind it. According to their website it says that â€Å"Boston Beer Company was started with Jim Koch’s great-great grandfathers recipe. With a determination to handcraft a quality, flavorful beer, Jim brewed his first batch of Samuel Adams Boston Lager in his kitchen in 1984†, before I was even born. The beer is said to be created with the world’s finest, all natural ingredients. Jim chose the name Samuel Adams after the Boston patriots, the father of the American Revolution, and a man who fought for our American Independence. Samuel Adams made its debut in Boston on Patriots Day in April of 1985. Boston bartenders were quoted saying that Samuel Adams was unlike any beer they had ever tasted. By the end of the first year, sales reached up to 500 barrels and it just took off from there. Just six weeks after its introduction Samuel Adams was selected as â€Å"The Best Beer in America† at the Great American Beer Festival’s. Since 2000, Samuel Adams has won more awards in international beer tasting competitions than any other brewery in the world. Boston Beer Company has become an inspiration to other small industries out there. By 1995, hundreds of small, local and regional breweries sprouted up all over the country, following in Boston Beer Companies footsteps. From reading this firm analysis so far you would think they dominate the Brewing Industry, brewing close to two million barrels of Samuel Adams beer, but is still less than 1% of the total US beer market. That is just astonishing to me. The companies’ culture and philosophy is simple. To set superior standards for quality. Jim and the brewers at Samuel Adams ensure the highest standards for the best ingredients needed to make the highest quality of beer. I found this so interesting that on Jim’s annual hops selection trip to Bavaria the hops farmers always comment on how Jim just doesn’t just sniff the hops, he â€Å"dives into them! (BostonBeer). There philosophy is not to be the biggest brewing industry but to be the best tasting beer brewing company. Samuel Adams is the only brewer that actually buys back its beer when its past its peak freshness date. These are there strengths. There strengths have always been to take pride in their beer, differentiate yourself in a market that is already dominated by three huge organizations. To this day Jim tastes every batch of beer brewed to make sure it meets his high standards. Another strength they pursue is they have a wide range of beers. These brews include: year-round beers, seasonal styles, signature holiday brews. This differentiates them so much from large brewers. Say for example someone like Anheiser Bush sells the same beer over and over and over. Samuel Adams has Boston Larger, Summer Ale, October Fest, Winter Larger.. etc. This brings in so many more customers like my dad who are excited when the newest season beer comes out. From personal experience my dad marks his calender for when the different brews for Samuel Adams comes out. This is so vital and different from any other brewery. Jim Koch the founder and CEO of The Boston Beer Company Early on, Boston Beer Company acted like a virtual company, primarily contracting with third party packers to produce its products. The brewery did have a small facility, but it was never be enough to produce all the beer the company was capable of selling. In 2006, it expanded its breweries into Cincinnati, which was expected to produce roughly two-thirds of Boson Beer’s total volume. Boston beer companies target customers have always been those around New England and people who like a high-end, thick, good, delicious beer. Boston Beer Company was actually the first brewer to market their product nationally, however they did not have the expense of shipping it across the country however. In 2006, regarding Boston Beer’s productions, chief executive Martin Roper said â€Å"We have revised upward our capacity needs in New England based on healthy craft category growth, our own growth trends and higher freight costs and are no exploring production capacity in excess of 1. 0 million barrels. Our current estimates are that construction of such a facility could cost between 120 million and 160 million. We believe this is an appropriate strategic investment based on the growth of the category as well as known and unknown risk in supplier alternatives. † It is increasingly important for the Boston Beer Company to focus on defining where they stand in a global businesses strategy and perspective, developing Samuel Adams into a leading international brand by making investments in brewers that have leading brands in high-growth beer markets. It is my recommendation that they focus specifically on growth in the Chinese beer industry. It has taken more then three hundred years to develop technology and process required to transform malt into the product displayed in grocery and convenience store coolers across the globe.

Racism and Hurricane Katrina - 1769 Words

As Hurricane Katrina ravaged the South and drowned large parts of New Orleans this past September, the ugly reality of our nations continuing problem with class, poverty, and race became apparent. Many Americans began to question the possibility of racism being a deciding factor in the fate of many New Orleans citizens who were black and who lived in the poorest, most low-lying portion of the city, the Ninth Ward. Many, including First Lady Laura Bush, denounce critics who say race played a role in the federal governments slow response to the victims of Katrina. While it is possible that the governments slow response to the disaster was not directly due to racism, there are many unanswered questions suggesting the protection of the city†¦show more content†¦By that I mean white people. They were just picking [white people] out of the crowd. I dont know why we were treated the way we were, but it was like they didnt care. While racism in the handling of the disaster was evide nt to many Southern blacks, some believe that poverty was a contributing factor. Not only were 90% of the citizens of New Orleans black, they were also extremely poor. It is not surprising that much of the world has been shocked by the destruction in New Orleans and the ongoing failures exposed at almost every level of government. While it is almost impossible not to be appalled by this series of events, veterans of the environmental-justice movement are not surprised by what happened. In fact, they say that this disaster has confirmed what they have thought all along. They believed that blacks in New Orleans were much more vulnerable and less protected by environmental problems than white folks in areas close to the city. They maintain that the people in power Ââ€" who included Mayor Ray Nagin, an African-American himself Ââ€" viewed the citys poor, black residents as expendable. 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